{"id":3827,"date":"2019-07-09T12:49:51","date_gmt":"2019-07-09T12:49:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/muziejus.vgtu.lt\/?page_id=3827"},"modified":"2022-12-15T16:12:53","modified_gmt":"2022-12-15T14:12:53","slug":"apie-zudermana","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.silutesmuziejus.lt\/en\/home\/krasto-istorija\/hermanas-zudermanas\/apie-zudermana\/","title":{"rendered":"Apie Zuderman\u0105"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"\"Hermanas Zudermanas (Hermann Sudermann) \u2013 vokie\u010di\u0173 ra\u0161ytojas ir dramaturgas, gim\u0119s Macikuose (\u0160ilut\u0117s r.) ir ra\u0161\u0119s apie Klaip\u0117dos kra\u0161to lietuvininkus. Biografija Zudermanas gim\u0117 1857 m. rugs\u0117jo 30 d. Macikuose (\u0160ilut\u0117s r.). Jis \u2013 vyriausias aludario Johano Zudermano (1818\u20131887), kilusio i\u0161 Nyderland\u0173, ir jo \u017emonos Dorot\u0117jos (1825\u20131923) s\u016bnus. Macikuose (\u010dia ra\u0161ytojas gyveno iki \u0161e\u0161eri\u0173 met\u0173) ir pa\u010dioje \u0160ilut\u0117je, kur v\u0117liau persik\u0117l\u0117 t\u0117vai, prab\u0117go b\u016bsimojo ra\u0161ytojo vaikyst\u0117. Mok\u0117si priva\u010dioje Verdain\u0117s mokykloje, v\u0117liau mokslus t\u0119s\u0117 Elbingo (\u0160iaur\u0117s |Lenkija) gimnazijoje, ta\u010diau po poros met\u0173, negaudamas i\u0161 t\u0117v\u0173 paramos, buvo priverstas gr\u012f\u017eti atgal \u012f \u0160ilut\u0119. Kur\u012f laik\u0105 dirbo \u0160ilut\u0117s vaistin\u0117je mokiniu. Pager\u0117jus t\u0117v\u0173 materialinei pad\u0117\u010diai, gimnazij\u0105 baig\u0117 Til\u017e\u0117je.<\/p>

\u00a0Nuo 1875 m. H. Zudermanas studijavo istorij\u0105, filosofij\u0105 ir literat\u016br\u0105 Karaliau\u010diaus universitete. V\u0117liau studijas t\u0119s\u0117 Berlyno universitete. Vert\u0117si mokytojavimu priva\u010diose \u0161eimose, dirbo redakcijose, v\u0117liau visi\u0161kai atsid\u0117jo ra\u0161ytojo darbui. \u017dinoma, kad H. Zudermanas bendravo su lietuvininkais, pa\u017einojo Vyd\u016bn\u0105.<\/p>

1891 m. ved\u0117 i\u0161siskyrusi\u0105 ra\u0161ytoj\u0105 Klar\u0105 Lauckner, tur\u0117jusi\u0105 tris vaikus i\u0161 pirmos santuokos, gyveno Karaliau\u010diuje, Drezdene. 1892 m. susilauk\u0117 dukros Hed\u0117s. 1895 m. galutinai apsistojo Berlyne, kur 1928 m. lapkri\u010dio 11 d. ra\u0161ytojas mir\u0117. Palaidotas Vokietijoje, namas pa\u017eym\u0117tas atminimo lenta.<\/p>

Pla\u010diau apie ra\u0161ytojo gyvenimo faktus galima\u00a0pasiskaityti vokie\u010di\u0173 kalba: \u00a0http:\/\/www.sudermannstiftung.de\/<\/span><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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K\u016bryba<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\"\"H. Zudermano k\u016brybos originalo kalba leidyba, kaip teigia profesorius Domas Kaunas, yra i\u0161skirtinis kult\u016brinis ir ekonominis Vokietijos knygininkyst\u0117s rei\u0161kinys. Nuo pirmosios publikacijos pasirodymo 1886 m. iki ra\u0161ytojo mirties pjes\u0117s, dramos, komedijos, romanai ir apsakymai i\u0161\u0117jo 44 atskiromis knygomis. Vienu tritomiu (1921) ir dviem \u0161e\u0161iatomiais (1919, 1923) leidimais i\u0161spausdinti rinktiniai ra\u0161tai.
H. Zudermano s\u0117km\u0117s prad\u017eia \u2013 1887 m., kai para\u0161\u0117 autobiografin\u012f roman\u0105 \u201eFrau Sorge\u201c (\u201eR\u016bpestis\u201c arba \u201eNedalia\u201c), tapus\u012f motinos ir t\u0117vi\u0161k\u0117s simboliu. 1889 m., suk\u016br\u0119s dram\u0105 \u201eDie Ehre\u201c (\u201eGarb\u0117\u201c), pagars\u0117jo tarptautiniu mastu, kaip \u017eymiausias vokie\u010di\u0173 nat\u016bralizmo atstovas, aplenkdamas iki tol vie\u0161patavus\u012f \u0161iame \u017eanre Gerhart\u0105 Hauptman\u0105.<\/p>

Hermano Zudermano k\u016bryboje daug motyv\u0173 i\u0161 Klaip\u0117dos kra\u0161to lietuvinink\u0173 gyvenimo, buities, kult\u016bros ir papro\u010di\u0173. Apra\u0161ytas Nemuno \u017eemupio ir Kur\u0161i\u0173 nerijos gamtovaizdis. Lietuvi\u0161ka tematika reik\u0161mingiausias k\u016brinys \u2013 1917 m. para\u0161ytas apsakym\u0173 rinkinys \u201eLitauische Geschichten (\u201eLietuvi\u0161kos apysakos\u201c). Jis dedikuotas \u0160ilut\u0117s dvarininkui Hugo \u0160ojui, su kuriuo ra\u0161ytojas susipa\u017eino 1888 m. Berlyne.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Zudermano k\u016briniai, i\u0161versti \u012f lietuvi\u0173 kalb\u0105
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Lietuvi\u0173 skaitytoj\u0173 pa\u017eintis su H. Zudermano k\u016bryba prasid\u0117jo nuo dramaturgijos. 1909 m. Brukline pasirod\u0117 penki\u0173 veiksm\u0173 tragedijos \u201eJonas Krik\u0161tytojas\u201c (\u201eJohannes\u201c, 1897) vertimas, o 1912 m. i\u0161leista drama \u201eJonin\u0117s\u201c (\u201eJohannisfeuer\u201c, 1900). 1921 m. i\u0161verstas ir i\u0161leistas trij\u0173 veiksm\u0173 vaidinimas \u201eU\u017ekampio laim\u0117\u201c (\u201eDas Gl\u00fcck im Winkel\u201c, 1895). 1922 m. pasirod\u0117 keturi\u0173 veiksm\u0173 vaidinimai \u201eGeras vardas\u201c (\u201eDer Gute Ruf\u201c, 1913) ir \u201eGarb\u0117\u201c (\u201eDie Ehre\u201c, 1890).
1912 m. Hermanas Zudermanas buvo pristatytas Nobelio premijai, bet jos negavo.
1938 m. i\u0161\u0117jo net du romano \u201eFrau Sorge\u201c (1887) vertimo variantai: vienas pavadintas \u201eR\u016bpestis\u201c (vert\u0117 J. Vaznelis), kitas \u2013 \u201eNedalia\u201c (vert\u0117 A. Busilas).
1960 m. i\u0161leista knyga \u201eKelion\u0117 \u012f Til\u017e\u0119\u201c, kurioje i\u0161spausdintos trys i\u0161 keturi\u0173 lietuvi\u0161k\u0173 apysak\u0173: \u201eKelion\u0117 \u012f Til\u017e\u0119\u201c, \u201eMikas Bumbulis\u201c, \u201eJonas ir Erdm\u0117\u201c.
1970 m. \u010cikagoje i\u0161\u0117jo V. Voltero i\u0161verstos dvi apysakos: \u201eKelion\u0117 \u012f Til\u017e\u0119\u201c ir \u201eSamdin\u0117\u201c bendru pavadinimu \u201eLietuvi\u0173 apysakos\u201c. 1996 m. pasirod\u0117 \u201eLietuvi\u0161kos apysakos\u201c. Leidinyje pirm\u0105 kart\u0105 lietuvi\u0173 kalba i\u0161spausdintos visos keturios apysakos (apysaka \u201eSamdin\u0117\u201c pavadinta \u201eMerga\u201c).
2002 m. i\u0161leista \u201eMano jaunyst\u0117s vaizd\u0173 knyga\u201c (\u201eDas Bilderbuch meiner Jugend\u201c (Autobiographie), 1922).
Dal\u012f suskaitmenint\u0173 leidini\u0173 galima rasti \u010dia: www.epaveldas.lt<\/a><\/p>

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\n\nSpektakliai ir filmai pagal H. Zudermano k\u016brinius\n<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Vertimus \u012f lietuvi\u0173 kalb\u0105 skatino m\u0117g\u0117j\u0173, o nuo 1918 m. profesionali\u0173 teatr\u0173 poreikis \u017einom\u0173 autori\u0173 pjes\u0117ms ir dramoms. Jos nuolat statytos Kauno, Klaip\u0117dos ir \u0160iauli\u0173 teatruose.
1976 m. \u201eLietuvi\u0161k\u0173 apysak\u0173\u201c siu\u017eetais pastatytas televizijos spektaklis \u201eKelion\u0117 \u012f Til\u017e\u0119\u201c, 1980 m. \u2013 Eduardo Balsio opera \u201eKelion\u0117 \u012f Til\u017e\u0119\u201c ir spektaklis \u201eJonas ir Erdm\u0117\u201c (\u0160iauli\u0173 teatre). 1989 m. Panev\u0117\u017eio teatre \u017ei\u016brovai i\u0161vydo \u201eU\u017ekampio laim\u0119\u201c.
1981 m. re\u017eisierius Ar\u016bnas \u017debri\u016bnas pagal Sauliaus \u0160altenio scenarij\u0173 pastat\u0117 vaidybin\u012f film\u0105 \u201eKelion\u0117 \u012f roj\u0173\u201c. Novel\u0117s pavadinime esan\u010dio \u017eod\u017eio \u201eTil\u017e\u0117\u201d sovietiniais metais neleido min\u0117ti.
http:\/\/www.lrt.lt\/mediateka\/irasas\/28109<\/a>
I\u0161 viso H. Zudermano k\u016brini\u0173 motyvais sukurta per 30 film\u0173 visame pasaulyje. Kai kuriuose i\u0161 j\u0173 vaidino tokios \u017evaig\u017ed\u0117s kaip D\u017eonas Gilbertas (John Gilbert), Greta Garbo bei Marlena Dytrich (Marlene Dietrich).
1927 m. novel\u0119 \u201eKelion\u0117 \u012f Til\u017e\u0119\u201c ekranizavo vokie\u010di\u0173 re\u017eisierius Fridrichas Murnau (Friedrich Murnau). Scenarij\u0173 para\u0161\u0117 vokie\u010di\u0173 ra\u0161ytojas Karlas Mejeris (Carl Mayer), prodiusavo amerikietis Viljamas Foksas (William Fox) \u2013 kompanijos \u201eFOX Film\u201c \u012fk\u016br\u0117jas. Filmas, pavadintas \u201eSunrise: A Song of Two Humans\u201c (\u201eSaul\u0117tekis: daina apie du \u017emones\u201c), buvo klasikinis nebylusis filmas. 1928 m., per pirm\u0105j\u0105 \u201eOskar\u0173\u201c teikimo ceremonij\u0105, \u0161is filmas peln\u0117 tris apdovanojimus: laim\u0117jo nominacij\u0105 \u201eUnikali auk\u0161to meninio lygio kino juosta\u201c, u\u017e geriausi\u0105 moters vaidmen\u012f \u012fvertinta aktor\u0117 D\u017eanet Geinor (Janet Gaynor), o tre\u010di\u0105j\u0105 statul\u0117l\u0119 gavo kino operatoriai \u010carlis Ro\u0161eras ir Karlas \u0160trausas (Charles Rosher, Karl Struss).
Filmas, peln\u0119s tris \u201eOskarus\u201c: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rcIinIj8Jtg<\/a>
Informacija apie filmus, pastatytus pagal H. Zudermano k\u016brinius:
http:\/\/www.ve.lt\/naujienos\/kultura\/filmai\/kelione-i-tilze-trys-oskarai-uz-lietuviska-drama-1476024\/<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u012eam\u017einimas Lietuvoje ir \u0160ilut\u0117je<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\"\"<\/p>

1936 m. \u0160ilut\u0117je pastatytas paminklas H. Zudermanui. Paminklu r\u016bpinosi Hugo \u0160ojus: jis padovanojo \u017eem\u0117s sklyp\u0105, apsodino skverelio tak\u0105 ra\u0161ytojo m\u0117gstamais med\u017eiais \u2013 ber\u017eais. Skulptorius \u2013 Erichas \u0160mitas Kestneris. Paminklas sovietiniais metais buvo nugriautas, jo vietoje pastatytas obeliskas sovietiniams kariams. Atgimimo metais \u0160ilut\u0117s H. Zudermano visuomeninio literat\u0173 klubo nari\u0173 iniciatyva, \u0160ilut\u0117s rajono savivaldyb\u0117s ir bendruomen\u0117s d\u0117ka paminklas atstatytas. Tai pilko marmuro biustas ant 2 metr\u0173 auk\u0161\u010dio postamento. Paminklas atkurtas Berlyne, skulptoriaus H. Hacke.\u00a0H. Zudermano t\u0117v\u0173 namas Macikuose yra kult\u016bros paveldo objektas (u. Nr. 687), pa\u017eym\u0117tas memorialine lenta ir bareljefu.<\/p>

Atk\u016brus Lietuvos nepriklausomyb\u0119 ra\u0161ytojo k\u016brybin\u012f palikim\u0105 ypa\u010d aktyviai populiarino \u0160ilut\u0117s Hermano Zudermano literat\u016brin\u0117s kra\u0161totyros klubas, \u012fsik\u016br\u0119s 1992 m. Bendradarbiaudamas su kaunie\u010diais ra\u0161ytojais klubas finansi\u0161kai r\u0117m\u0117 viso \u201eLietuvi\u0161k\u0173 apysak\u0173\u201c rinkinio lietuvi\u0173 kalba i\u0161leidim\u0105. I\u0161leistas straipsni\u0173, nagrin\u0117jan\u010di\u0173 ra\u0161ytojo k\u016brybin\u012f palikim\u0105, rinkinys \u201eRa\u0161ytojas ir gimtin\u0117\u201c (1999) bei \u201eMano jaunyst\u0117s vaizd\u0173 knyga\u201c (2002) ir kt.<\/p>

Klaip\u0117doje nuo 1992 m. veikia H. Zudermano vardu pavadinta vidurin\u0117 mokykla, skirta vokie\u010di\u0173 kilm\u0117s moksleiviams. Jo vardas suteiktas ir \u0160ilut\u0117je bei Macikuose (\u0160ilut\u0117s r.) esan\u010dioms gatv\u0117ms.
Ra\u0161ytoj\u0105 H. Zuderman\u0105 su dvarininku, i\u0161kiliu kra\u0161to \u017emogumi Hugo \u0160ojumi siejo ilgame\u010diai turiningos draugyst\u0117s ry\u0161iai, tod\u0117l restauruotame H. \u0160ojaus dvare (kur \u012fsik\u016br\u0119s muziejus), planuojama \u012frengti ekspozicij\u0105 ra\u0161ytojui H. Zudermanui ir kitiems i\u0161kiliems kra\u0161to \u017emon\u0117ms.
Bibliotekos kolektyvas pri\u017ei\u016bri ra\u0161ytojo H. Zudermano t\u0117v\u0173 kap\u0105 senosiose miesto kapin\u0117se.<\/p>

Literat\u016bra:<\/strong>
1. Hermannas Sudermannas savo ir m\u016bs\u0173 knygose: iki Antrojo pasaulinio karo pabaigos i\u0161leist\u0173 ra\u0161ytojo knyg\u0173 parodos katalogas \/ \u0160ilut\u0117s rajono savivaldyb\u0117s Fridricho Bajorai\u010dio vie\u0161oji biblioteka ; pagal asmenin\u012f rinkin\u012f pareng\u0117 Domas Kaunas. Vilnius: Valstyb\u0117s \u017einios, 2007.
2. Ma\u017eosios Lietuvos enciklopedija. T. 4 \/ Ma\u017eosios Lietuvos fondas. Vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedij\u0173 leidybos institutas, 2009, p. 352\u2013353
Remtasi: http:\/\/www.silutesknygininkai.lt\/silute\/zudermanas-hermanas\/<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hermanas Zudermanas (Hermann Sudermann) \u2013 vokie\u010di\u0173 ra\u0161ytojas ir dramaturgas, gim\u0119s Macikuose (\u0160ilut\u0117s r.) ir ra\u0161\u0119s apie Klaip\u0117dos kra\u0161to lietuvininkus. Biografija Zudermanas gim\u0117 1857 m. rugs\u0117jo 30 d. Macikuose (\u0160ilut\u0117s r.). Jis \u2013 vyriausias aludario Johano Zudermano (1818\u20131887), kilusio i\u0161 Nyderland\u0173, ir jo \u017emonos Dorot\u0117jos (1825\u20131923) s\u016bnus. Macikuose (\u010dia ra\u0161ytojas gyveno iki \u0161e\u0161eri\u0173 met\u0173) ir pa\u010dioje […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":3727,"parent":3723,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"spay_email":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[50],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nApie Zuderman\u0105 – \u0160ilut\u0117s Hugo \u0160ojaus muziejus<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silutesmuziejus.lt\/en\/home\/krasto-istorija\/hermanas-zudermanas\/apie-zudermana\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Apie Zuderman\u0105 – \u0160ilut\u0117s Hugo \u0160ojaus muziejus\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hermanas Zudermanas (Hermann Sudermann) \u2013 vokie\u010di\u0173 ra\u0161ytojas ir dramaturgas, gim\u0119s Macikuose (\u0160ilut\u0117s r.) ir ra\u0161\u0119s apie Klaip\u0117dos kra\u0161to lietuvininkus. Biografija Zudermanas gim\u0117 1857 m. rugs\u0117jo 30 d. Macikuose (\u0160ilut\u0117s r.). Jis \u2013 vyriausias aludario Johano Zudermano (1818\u20131887), kilusio i\u0161 Nyderland\u0173, ir jo \u017emonos Dorot\u0117jos (1825\u20131923) s\u016bnus. 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